
Today, many industries spend billions of dollars on training and development (T&D) to achieve better quality service and ultimately, higher customer satisfaction. T&D affects job satisfaction and organisational commitment (Lam and Zhang, 2003; Pratten, 2003), which in turn affects staff retention and satisfaction. Hotels that provide inadequate training exacerbate staff turnover (Lashley and Best, 2002) and jeopardize quality standards and profit.